Stair structure.



J. T. NBSDALL. STAIR STRUGTURE. 'APPLICATION PILED MAY 31. 1913.

i, 1 l 3,368. Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

2 sHsETs- ,....IIII/' HIM cum& v WM J T; NBSDALL. STAIR STRUOTURE.APPLICATION FILLD MAY 31. 1913,

. Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ai' anal W r L IJOHN 'ri NESDALL, or -BBooKtYN, NEW YORK.

smun STRUCTURE.

Specification of Letters ?atent Patented Oct. 13, 1914.

Application filed Maj 31,1&13` Serial No. 770396,

To all whom it may com-cm:

Be it known that I, JOHN T. JNESDALL, a citizen oi' the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the'State of New York, have `inventcd certainnew and useful Improvements in Stair Structures, 'of which the followingis e .specicztiom reference being had thercin to the accompunyingdrawing;

This invention relutes to star structures.

The primzry object of my invention is to enable the Components of thestructure to be constructed at e fuctory, say, und then be set up t thepoint of use With a minimum of labor and Without the requirement ofskille worknen.

It is also :in object of the invention to provide it stuir structurethat, When fubricated at the place of use, will retztin stability andyet will be such that the Components of which it is constructed muy beConveniently removed or replaced.

-At the present day, in certain of the large cities, the buildingregulzitions are exceedingly stringent and require that stairstructures, and especially in apartment-houses and the like, shall beconstructed of metal and be such, in case of fire -which frequentlyccntersut the stziirway of a buildingthot such stnir structures shell'retnin e high degree of stability. It is Well known that the Stlll'S ofa building :tre among the most expensive pnrts. In the erect'on of stairst-intn-pq %t has been the aim to form the Components thereof as chenply;s possible and this is uccomplished, 'or example, by stamping` theseComponents out of sheet motel. If the oforementicned buildingregulntions :re such that the riser-ud-tread units of the structure mustbe of a presbribed thickness, the difiiculties of stamping out the parts:tre thereby greatly increased. c provide 'for this condit on, I-hvedevsed a stai r structure 'wlllCh includes e minimum of conponents, andthese Components ere so for'ned that, while the bending Operations ereco'purutively few, yet, when the structure is fnbricnted, it is stableand rigid, and such stibility and rigidity are accomplished without theuse of bolts or other like securing instrumentzlities.

The invention compriscs, in one nspect, a combined trend-nnd-riser unitso formed that, With a minimum of sl ill and labor, it

-mey be placed in position between a pair of stringers end self-lcickedso to speak) with' said stringer.

In mother aspect of the invention, it resdes n certa n nox el details ofConstruction and arrangenent, all :is hereinnfter more particularlydescribed and claimed.

* The hccompenying drawings, referred to her'ein and constituting u parthei-cof, illus trute :i preferred -mbodiment of the inVention, the sameserving in connection with the description herein to explain theprinciples of the invention.

Referring' to these drawings: Figure l is a View in perspectire, andsoncwhut fragmentary, oj' zi portion of e fi'iglt of steirs, certain ofthe parts being broken away more clearly to show structure which wouldotherwise be hidden; Fig. 2 is n. View in perspective of one of thecombined treed-and-ri I units; Fig. 3 is :i View in Verticalcross-section of one of these units; F is e fragnientary View, partly ineleii'ntion und purtly in Vertical section, showing the uznner of:ttuching such units to the stringers; Fig. 5 is u regnentary View, inhorizontal section on ,the line Fig. s; Fig. (3

is :i 'rugnentary View in sectionzl elevztiou ot' u modified form ofstructure, the modification in this instance residing in the form of theriser-uttztching means; Fig. 'i' is :i similar View of another modifiedform of structure, the modification in this 'instence residing in theform of the tread ztttziching means, and Fg 8 is u fragmentin-y View insectionel elevntion of a portion of one of the stringers, in modifiedform, showing the slotted &ngulur portion: thereof.

In the embodinent illustruted in the' ec',

conpunying druwings by way of amm the -stair structure lmon ss includinga pair of stringes each provided with slotted angulated unit-supportingfiange, and a series of combined treadand-1'iser un'its, each unitincluding a. ticed-portion provided with an elonguted enchoring andstrengthening finnge adapted to engage in certain of seid slots, andtheriser-pcrtion being provided with ;i rearwardly extendin flangehnd Withpendant lugs adapted to rest upon said stringer-fiange and to extendthrough certain of the Slots thencin. The

different units ere ,entirely independent of each other n the sense thatthey ere unconnected one with enet-her so that &ny one placed withoutdistu'bipg in any way any r other of the units'.

At' the same tinc, the units are attached to the st'ingers in such amanner that they are, for all intents and purposes; absolutely rigidthere-with.

The stringcrs 1 are forned, preferably 'at their lower edgcs, with anangulated 'flange or portion 2. u This fiange is providedwith iucuts orslots and 4:, these being in spaced relation, and arranged in pairs,each pair being (in the embodiment illustrated' in Figs. 1 to 7)separated by an elongated portion 2 of thefiange, as shownin Fig. 4:.

In Fig 8, a somewhat modified form of stringer is illustrated, and inthis instnnce the angulated portions 2 are formed only at the placewhere the units are to be Secured.

Adapted to be supported between each pair ot stringers is a combinedtread-andriser unit 5. This unit includes, preferably, a substantiallyhorizontal tread-portion 6, provided with a` pendant fiange 7 which,preferably and as shown, is of approximately the same length as theriser 6 and is adapted to extendthrough the slots 3 in thestringer-flange 2 Ordinarilyfthis flange 7 will constitute a substantialanchoring instrumentality for securing the unit, at its upper portion,to the strngers. If, however, it be-desirabl'e to provide for additionalsecurement, said fiange may be angulated to form a portion 7 as shown inFig. 7, that is to say the lugs may, after the units are placed upon thestringers, be bent to an angle to form said angulated portion 7 The unit,5 also comprses a substantially vertical riser-porti'on 8 which,` atits lower end,'is provided with a rearwardly extending angulated fiange9 and with two angulatecl lugs or extensions 10 which are adapted toextend through the Slots 4 in the stringer-fiange 2 and, thus,constitute anchoring instrumentalities ;for seouring the lower portionof the units 5 to the stringers. The 'lange Q may, if desired, rest uponthe section 2 of the stringer fiange 2 and thereby 'aid in supportingthe unit at this point.

Orclinarly, this' form of structure is sufiicient to efl'cct a rigidsecureme'nt of the lower portion of theunit to the stringer; yet,ifadditional securement is desirecl, the lugs 10 may be bent orotherwise formed (after theytread-and-riser unit is placed upon theangulated portion of the stringer) to'provide an' angula ortion 10 asshown in Fig. 6.

' In fabri'cating my improved form of stair structure, the' stringei's1-, l will be set up and Secured' in" any desirecl manner, and -with thefianges on each. extending inwardly and-towardfleach other, as shown vFigil; The 'tread-ands-riser :nnits-havng prewously-beer foried-are thenconvenie'tly'placed in position, and this is acconplished by insertingthe fiange 7 and the lugs 10 through the Slots 3 and 4, respectively.This may be done simultane- .ously, or the flange 7 may first be hookedinto the slot 3 and then the anchoring lu-gs 10 positioned in the slots4:. It is to be undcrstood that I may rely upon the inherent resiliencyof the metal of which the units in position; and, to this end, the free.ends of the riser-portion 8 and the treadportion 6 may be so preformedthat a slight units are co'structed to aid in holding these springingthereof Will be necessary in order .rigid attachment of thetread-portion 6,' the flange' 7 may be bent up against the lower; faceof the stringer-flange 2, as shown in- Fig.- 7, though it is to beunderstood that this bendng may be done before the units: are placed inposition'. Likewise, the lu'gs lo'may be bent, as shown in Fig. 6.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the various Components'and instru-- -mentalities, singly and in their cooperation, contributeto eifect a reliable and stable stair structure, and tha-t aConstruction has been provided which realizes the objects of theinvention and the advantages herein set' for-th, together with otherobjects and advantages. t

The invention in its bro'ader aspects is not limited to the particularConstruction shown nor to .any particular Construction by which it hasbeen or may be carried into efi'ect, as many changes may be made n theconstruction without departing from the main principles ofethe inventionand without sacrificing its chief advantages.

1. A emir-structure includin two components, one of these being a pairof stringers provided with su porting sections integral with the body othe stringer'; the second Component comprising a combined*riser-and-tread unit, the riser-portion there-` of being provided withan anchoring flange adapted to engage with and rest upon the supportingsection of the stringer, and the tread-portion thereof being alsoprovided with a strengthening flange'adapted to ex-- tend over and restupon a supporting section of the stringer; the tread-and-riser unitbeing supported on said stringer independent of any othertread-and-riser 'unit there on.

2. A stair-structure including two components, one of these being a pairof stringers provided with spaced su portin sections integral with thebody o the strmger;

the second Component comprising a combined riser-and-tread unit, theriser-portion thcreof being provided With an anchoring fiange adaptedto' engage With and rest upon the supporting section of the stringer,and the trend-portion thereof being also provided With a strengtheningfiange adapted to extend over and rest upon a support e ing sectionofthe stringer; the tread-andrser unit being supported on said stringerindependent of any other tread-and-riser unit thereon.

3. A stair-structure including two components, one of these being a pairof stringers provided With spaced supporting sections integral With thebody of the strnger; the secondcomponent comprising a combinedriser-and-tread unit, the riser-portion thereof being provided With aplurality of pendant anchoring portions adapted to extend over and restupon said supporting sections of the stringer, and a riser-strengtheningflange integral with the body of the riser, and the tread-portion of theunit being pro-- vided With a strengthening and anchoring flange adaptedto extend over and rest upon a supporting section of the stringer; thetread-and-riser unit being supported on said stringer independent of anyother treadand-riser unit thereon 4:. A stair-structure including, ascomponents, a stringer provided With an integral angulatedunit-supporting portion divided into sections, and a combinedtread-andriser Component, said Component being provided With integralstringerattaching means including portions angulated With respect toeach other, some of which ortions extend over and rest upon the sectionsof said unit-supporting portion of the stringer.

` 5. A stair-structure including as one component a pair of stringerseach provided With an angulated unit-supporting portion, and a series ofcombined tread-and-riser units adapted to rest upon said stringers oneentirely independent of the other, and formed With integral meansadapted to engage and rest upon the angulated portions of the stringer,said means including a plurality of flanges occupying relativelydillerent planes and adapted to project through said stringer portionwlereby said units may be removably attached to the stringers.

6. As an article of manufacture, a combined t'ead-and-riser unit forstair-structures including a substantiall vertical riserportion providedwith an angulated fiange and a plurality of pendant anchoring lugs, saidlugs being arranged in juxtaposition to and at an angle to saidangulated fiange,

and a substantially horizontal tread-portio-n provided With a pendantanchoring-fiange.

7. As an article ot' manutacture, a combinecl tread-and-riser unit forstair-structures including a substantially horizontal trcad-portionprovided With a pendant anchoring iange, and a substantially verticalriser-portion provided With an angulated instrumentality extending fromthe rear face of said vertical portion and in the direction of saidflange on the horizontal portion, said vertical portion being alsopmvided With a plurality of pendant luge arranged in a planesubstantially parallel'with said vertical portion.

8. A stair-structure including in combination, a ,pair of stringers eachprovided With an integral angulated unit supporting portion, saidportion being forned With a series of slots; and a combinedtread-and-riser 'unit adapted to be positioned betwen 'the stringers,said unit comprising asubstan,

tially horizontal tread-portion provided with a pendant fiange adaptedto'project through certain of the slots in said angalated portion of thestringer, and a substantially vertical riser-portion formed' With arearwardly extending fiange adapted to rest upon said angulated portionof the stringers and provided with a plurality of integral pendant lugsadapted to extend through certain of the slots in said angulatedportion, the different tread-and-riser units disposed between saidstringers being entirely independent oneof the ot-her.

9. A stair-structure including apair of stringers each provided with an\integral angulated fiange formed With a series ot slots, and a series oftread-and-riser units adapted to be disposed between said stringers andentirely independent of each other, each unit comprising a substantiallyhorizontal tread-portion provided With a pendant anchorin fiange adaptedto extend through certain of the slots in said stringen fiange to securethe tread-portion of the unit thcreto, and a substantially verticalriser-portion provided With a rearwardly extending 'lange occupying aposition at an angle to the riser-portion and paralleling thestringer-fiange, said riser-portion also being provided With a pluralityof angulated lugs occupying a position substantially parallel withsaidriser-portion and at an angle to said stringer-iange and constituting ameans for securing said riserportion to the stringer.

10. A stair-st'ucture including, as components, a stringer comprising abody-portion and a recessed integral angulated unit-supporting portioneXtendinglongitudinally ot the body-portion, and a combinedtrendand-riser unit provided With integral stringer-engaging andattaching means including a plurality of portions arranged in angularrelation with respect to each other, some of the portions being adaptedto extend over and rest upon said unit-supporting portion of thestringer and other pendi aire sustaned by sai& unit-supporting 10 Shastruge'. i parton While other pendantportons' exend 11. A si( ure lcudg,compoinate said filot&

'er sorfec with an. integml f In testmony Whereof I affix my signatureanguhted. int-sppo tng portion pxoved in presence of two. witnesses.

am pertons e;

wh slotsgan cmbnec trea-anrrser I JOHN T. NESDALL. um& provi zasi *witha, purazy 03"? I 'tnessss: pertms angumted wth respect to each! GEORGEB. RYAN,

